Roman Structures > Aqueducts > Aqueduct from Gorze to Metz

Aqueduct from Gorze to Metz

Aqueduct Gorze to MetzF 57 Aqueduct Jouy-aux-Arches.JPGThe aqueduct of Gorze to Metz through Jouy-aux-ArchesPresentationTypeaqueductConstructionsecond centuryheritage status Ranked MH ( 1840 , 1980 , 1990 ) View and modify data on WikidataGeographyCountryFlag of the United la France View and modify data on WikidataRegionGrand EstDepartmentMoselleLocationContact information49 ° 03 '55 "N , 6 ° 04 '49 "E View and modify data on WikidataLocation on the map of Lorraineview map of Lorraine Red pog.svgLocation on the map of Mosellesee map on the Moselle Red pog.svgLocation on the map of Francesee on the map of France Red pog.svgchange - change the code - change Wikidata Documentation of the modelThe aqueduct that connects Gorze to Metz is a Roman aqueduct built in the early second century. It was classified a historic monument since the first list in 1840 , expanded in 1980 and 1990 ranking .Summary1Historical context2Architectural Description3Construction and fittings3.1Materials3.2Tools3.3Construction Techniques3.4The underground pipe Ars-Gorze3.5The settling pond3.6The aqueduct3.7The catchment3.8The conduct Jouy-Metz4Bibliography5References6See also6.1Related Articles6.2External LinksHistorical context [ change | modify the code ]The situation Divodurum (Metz), capital of Mediomatrici at the intersection of north-south and east-west, that is to say, on the Roman road from Lyon to Trier and Reims Strasbourg. The city, with about 20,000 inhabitants in the second century, required a source of water supply for powering fountains, three Roman baths , the latrines public and craftsmen. Distribution points are not known exactly, because there remains no trace. The baths of Carmel seems to be a privileged place, but Divodurum had other aqueducts.Architectural description [ edit | edit the code ]Aqueduct side Ars-sur-MoselleThe route stretched over 22 km and linking the source Bouillons near Gorze (208 m) in Metz (184 m).It comprises 12.7 km of underground, a bridge arches (level 197-193 m) of 1.125 km between Ars-sur-Moselle and Jouy-aux-Arches and 8 km underground.Part of the underground is visible between Gorze and Novéant-sur-Moselle . All that remains of the aerial part of the aqueduct, which had over a hundred batteries, two basins and twenty arches:Left Bank, in Ars-sur-Moselle , are a pool and 2 bows and 5 arcs and finally a pile isolated.Right Bank, in Jouy-aux-Arches , remain 16 contiguous arcs and the sump.Construction and facilities [ edit | edit the code ]Materials [ edit | edit the code ]the wood for scaffolding, formwork arches and foundations, hoists stone blocks;stone extracted from nearby quarries to mount batteries, locking stones for filling batteries and transoms to support the capitals;of bricks for the walls of the pipes, locally made (molding, drying in the open air and baking);the lime , also manufactured on site with limestone, for mortar and assembly of locking stones (ancestor of concrete);seal coating obtained from fat lime and brick debris.Tools [ edit | edit the code ]The traditional tools of the Roman surveyor : the chorobate for levels (ancestor spirit level), the groma and diopter (forerunner of the theodolite ) for sangulaires alignments. Then the big machines like the goat to lift large loads and sheep to drive piles into the ground.Construction Techniques [ edit | edit the code ]At the point of elevation batteries, the Romans were preparing a strike on a range of oak piles driven deep into the ground. This strike was mounted on a shoulder height (from ground to the shoulder height), cemented in stone pile, then filled with a mixture of rubble and lime. Once past the first height, were built with scaffolding planks to mount another height, and so on.The underground pipe-Gorze Ars [ edit | edit the code ]catch basinUnderground pipe to Novéant-sur-Moselle .Since the source of the Bouillons, the bottom of the valley of Gorze, the water runs through the 12.7 km of underground pipe, through the village of Gorze , receives runoff from Mount St. Belin, wins the St. Catherine hamlet along the creek valley of Gorzia up Novéant , then turns north. Shortly after Ancy-sur-Moselle , the oblique water eastward to join Ars-sur-Moselle .Driving, off 1.20 m × 1.80 m high, is covered with a vault in semicircular , and water onto a pavement between two brick walls coated sealing mortar. At regular intervals, glances allowed to enter the pipe to maintain them.The settling basin [ edit | edit the code ]settling pond: A = arrival Basin B = C = pipes, D = overflow channel, E = bottom valves, overflow valves F =At Ars-sur-Moselle, the canal emptied its waters into a rectangular tank, the wall, leaning against the side of the hill, is convex to resist soil pressure. In the center of the tank, a square pool (4.4 mx 3.2 m and 1.3 m in height) receiving waters are decanted before leaving, after a small fall and a 90 ° turn towards the dual leadership of the canal bridge , which leads each 0.85 m wide. This tank also received the waters of a stream and used flow regulator by dumping the excess to the village of Ars.Initially, the bridge side, each pipe has a bottom valve or gate valve, that is to say, the water flows from below, allowing better regulation of the output rate regardless of the flow arrival, whose surplus is discharged through the channel to Ars with an overflow valve.The set was covered with a cut stone arch and a tiled roof. The sculptures and paintings found on site indicate that the basin was dedicated to water deities.The aqueduct [ edit | edit the code ]Construction aqueduct of Gorze: A = stack, B = arch, C = channel, D = stilts, E = raft, mp scaffolding, G = opes, H = templateThe bridge crosses the Moselle valley where the river makes a wide bend. This bridge with arches of about 1.1 km long, including 630 meters of the river. The arches, the number of 110 to 120, had a height of 30 m for the highest and range of a dozen meters.The square batteries, which rested on a thick slab , measured 5 meters wide at the base and tapering sections rose by up to 23 meters and transoms supported the arches and the pipe.The arches were built using a wooden template, called hanger .The pipeline was double leads, 85 cm wide each, and had a significant slope (4 meters over 1.1 km). The dual device leads guaranteed the water supply, although one of them was in maintenance. Moreover double leads, used simultaneously, allow to reduce the pressure on the outer walls.The steep slope would avoid freezing in winter and minimized the deposition of sand on the bottom. But this increased flow also increased wear of the walls lining.The cover of the pipe work protected from the weather and frost.Today, this beautiful work, there remains only the batteries located on both sides of the valley: 6 batteries and 5 arches on the shore side Ars-sur-Moselle and 18 batteries and 17 arches on the bank of Jouy.The catchment [ edit | edit the code ]catchment area: A = Output, B = basin pipe C =Side Jouy-aux-Arches, the canal bridge ends in a sump whose circular shape allowed to break the strong water current created by the slope of the line (4 m to 1100 m). This basin was formed by a thick wall (6 m diameter) to withstand the pressure, and an indoor pool approximately 2.2 m in diameter with a hollow receptacle for swirling water.The exit to the underground pipe is 90 ° with respect to the arrivalThis, like the others, was covered to preserve the purity of the water and protect it from the winter frost.Driving Jouy-Metz [ edit | edit the code ]Driving follows the Moselle a short time and then, continuing to the east, it crosses the current field of airfield Frescaty ; up to the station of Augny , she joined the D5 highway (old Roman road from Metz to Toul) to enter the city of Metz Montigny , to the Seille, near the amphitheater . Then the route is no longer certain.References [ change | modify the code ]Jean Lalance, "The Roman aqueducts of Metz" historical works committee, historical geography Bulletin, 1933, Volume XL, 32 p.The lame messenger Strasbourg - Almanac, 2007.Grenier, The manual of the Gallo-Roman archeology, monuments waters, The Aqueduct of Metz, 1960.Lalance, Two messin monuments of the Gallo-Roman era, 1923.Tabouillot and Francis, History of Metz, 1761.Vigneron, antique Metz 1986Claude Lefebvre (Fig. Gérard Quince, Alain George, Claude Lefebvre with the participation of René Berton and museums Metz ) The ancient aqueduct of Gorze to Metz, Serpenoise, coll. "Heritage Route" (No. 119) 2002 18 pp. ( ISBN 2913411177 )References [ change | modify the code ]↑ "Notice No. PA00106722" , basis Merimee , French Ministry of Culture .See also [ edit | edit the code ]Related articles [ edit | edit the code ]List of historical monuments of the MoselleExternal links [ edit | edit the code ]On the other Wikimedia projects:Aqueduct Gorze to Metz , Wikimedia CommonsArchéographeGorze aqueduct in Lorraine

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